Then, we conduct a logistic regression analysis (based on lemmas observed in both progressive and non-progressive constructions) to explore how grammatical contexts influence speakers’ constructional choices differently across English types. to identify similarities and differences between those varieties) based on linguistic contextual features such as AKTIONSART, ANIMACY, SEMANTIC DOMAIN (of aspect-bearing lexical verb), TENSE, MODALITY and VOICE to assess the validity of the ENL-ESL-EFL classification for our data. Methodologically, we use a clustering technique to group together individual varieties of English (i.e. While progressive marking is traditionally studied independently of its unmarked counterpart, we examine (i) how the grammatical contexts of both constructions systematically affect speakers’ constructional choices in ENL (American, British), ESL (Indian, Nigerian and Singaporean) and EFL (Finnish, French and Polish learner Englishes) and (ii) what light speakers’ varying constructional choices bring to the continuum debate. whether native (ENL) and nonnative (ESL/EFL) Englishes are dichotomous types of English or form a gradient continuum). non-progressive alternation to revisit the debate on the ENL-ESL-EFL continuum (i.e. Combining so many views would usually be extremely complex but, using eMargin, Podemos was able to fully engage political party members in the construction of a manifesto.This study focuses on the progressive vs. The party uploaded all sections of the draft document to eMargin for party members to discuss.
Podemos was founded in 2014 and immediately employed a democratic process in the development of its manifesto. An example comes from the Belgian and Alicantian chapters of the Spanish political party Podemos. Students and teachers worldwide found eMargin’s blended approach particularly valuable when face-to-face seminars became impossible during the COVID-19 pandemic.ĮMargin was designed as a teaching tool but its use has been extended to other areas of collaborative textual annotation and interpretation. For instance, teachers report that textual annotations made by students in eMargin before each lesson are useful in anticipating classroom activities and that students who are usually quieter in class are often more active when using eMargin. Users typically adopt a blended-learning approach, where eMargin facilitates a seamless transition between face-to-face seminars and collaborative activities outside the classroom. eMargin also provides solutions for streamlined Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) integration. The wide applicability of the tool is evidenced through its use across disciplines. The benefits of eMargin are felt widely in teaching, with tens of thousands of teachers and students from HE, FE, secondary schools and language schools worldwide registering to use the tool. eMargin was developed through two Jisc grants. Our solution, eMargin, is a web-based annotation tool which, by moving the annotation process online, enables collaboration and discussion across multiple locations in both synchronous and asynchronous modes, as well as retaining a digital record of students’ progress. Despite the proliferation of Web 2.0 technologies, we found none suitable to resolve these issues. With the proliferation of eBooks and online databases, the limitations of the traditional close-reading approach were becoming apparent: notes on physical texts become cluttered and are not easily shared or reused, teachers rarely see a record of a student’s close-reading progress and recreating class-based close reading for distance-learning students is particularly challenging.
The initial aim of the eMargin project was to bridge the gap between two distinct approaches to textual analysis: the top-down, quantitative approach of corpus linguistics and the fine-grained, introspective approach of literary close reading in a classroom context.
These annotations can be shared amongst groups, generating discussions and allowing analyses and interpretations to be combined. EMargin is an online collaborative annotation tool that lets you highlight, colour-code, write notes and assign tags to individual words or passages of a text.
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